Explainer: Why is there an increased risk of sudden cardiac arrest in Indians before the age of 50?

Increasing Risk of SCA: TV actor Nitesh Pandey died of Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) at the age of just 53. This accident has once again forced health experts to think why the risk of sudden cardiac arrest is continuously increasing in Indian men after the age of 50. According to the Indian Heart Association, 50 per cent of all heart attacks in Indian men occur under or above the age of 50 years. Most of these deaths are due to sudden cardiac arrest.

Sudden cardiac arrest is a condition in which the heart stops working without any warning. This happens when the electrical signals that coordinate the heartbeat don’t work properly. According to the Indian Express report, Dr. Venkat D Nagarajan, consultant cardiologist and electrophysiologist and head of cardiac devices and heart rhythm services at Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, says that this could be the first alarm of a heart attack.

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If someone in the family has SCA then the risk is more
According to doctors, genetic predisposition is the most important reason for sudden cardiac arrest. Understand in simple words, if parents, grandparents or any other member in your family has had the problem of Sudden Cardiac Arrest, then its risk will be more for you. According to Dr. Mohd. Rehan Sayeed, Consultant, Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Manipal Hospital, Bangalore, Indian adults are more likely to have SCA due to genetic factors as compared to western countries. According to him, heart related problems usually start developing in Indians after crossing the age of 40 years. Therefore, they are more at risk of experiencing angina or cardiac arrest.

Triglycerides, cholesterol bad for the heart
According to doctors, the body of Indians is genetically predisposed to accumulate bad cholesterol and triglycerides. Some enzymatic deficiency and dietary habits are not believed to be the reason for the accumulation of this bad cholesterol. Bad cholesterol and triglycerides are bad for the heart, as they increase the risk of sudden cardiac arrest. The risk of SAC is more in patients with diabetes than the rest. According to statistics, about 77 million people above the age of 18 are living with diabetes in India. At the same time, about 25 million people are pre-diabetic. This means that they are at a greater risk of developing diabetes in the near future.

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Risk of cardiac arrest due to high intensity gyming
According to health experts, there are a large number of people who are not aware of their diabetes. According to Dr. Saeed, the current lifestyle and high blood pressure are also responsible for sudden cardiac arrest. Major part of the country’s population is leading such a lifestyle from a very young age, which is increasing the risk of many health problems and heart-related diseases. It has increased rapidly after the Corona epidemic. A large number of people are doing work from home. However, now many companies have adopted the hybrid formula. Yet the habit of people sitting in front of the laptop is dangerous. Apart from this, high intensity interval training and gymming can also lead to cardiac arrest.

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How and why sudden cardiac arrest happens
According to health experts, triglycerides and LDL cholesterol get deposited in the blood vessels. These form hard deposits inside the arteries, which are known as atherosclerotic plaques. According to Dr. Sayeed, these hard deposits are triggered whenever there is a sudden load or stress on the arteries. The condition can be triggered by any type of physical or emotional stress. The disintegrated plaques cause blockage in the arteries and sudden cardiac arrest leads to death. In general, SCA is more common in men than in women. Actually, female hormones and estrogen have cardiac protective properties. However, it remains till the age of perimenopause and menopause.

There are no standard signs or symptoms of sudden cardiac arrest.

What are the signs and symptoms of sudden cardiac arrest
There are no standard signs or symptoms of sudden cardiac arrest. Dr Sayeed says the signs are often very vague or non-specific. In this, common problems like acidity, upper abdominal pain, mild chest discomfort or jaw pain can also emerge, which makes it difficult to say that a person may have sudden cardiac arrest. Even through normal ECG it cannot be detected. However, a low calcium score and a CT-coronary angiogram showing less than 30% blockage may indicate a low or minimal risk.

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What to do to avoid sudden cardiac arrest
The incidence of heart diseases increases with age. Therefore, doctors advise people in their 40s and 50s to be cautious. According to doctors, do not ignore symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, nervousness and fainting. Keep checking for diabetes, high blood pressure and high cholesterol regularly. Also, doing light exercise regularly can be beneficial. To avoid sudden cardiac arrest, stay away from stress and keep your weight under control. If there is a habit of alcohol and smoking, then limit it as soon as you cross the age of 40. If there is a family history of heart problems, get regular master health checkups done.

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Tags: cardiac arrest, health news, heart attack, Heart disease, research